deno.land / std@0.224.0 / dotenv / mod.ts
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/** * Parses and loads environment variables from a `.env` file into the current * process, or stringify data into a `.env` file format. * * @module */
import { parse } from "./parse.ts";
export * from "./stringify.ts";export * from "./parse.ts";
/** Options for {@linkcode load} and {@linkcode loadSync}. */export interface LoadOptions { /** * Optional path to `.env` file. To prevent the default value from being * used, set to `null`. * * @default {"./.env"} */ envPath?: string | null;
/** * Set to `true` to export all `.env` variables to the current processes * environment. Variables are then accessible via `Deno.env.get(<key>)`. * * @default {false} */ export?: boolean;
/** * Optional path to `.env.example` file which is used for validation. * To prevent the default value from being used, set to `null`. * * @default {"./.env.example"} */ examplePath?: string | null;
/** * Set to `true` to allow required env variables to be empty. Otherwise, it * will throw an error if any variable is empty. * * @default {false} */ allowEmptyValues?: boolean;
/** * Optional path to `.env.defaults` file which is used to define default * (fallback) values. To prevent the default value from being used, * set to `null`. * * ```sh * # .env.defaults * # Will not be set if GREETING is set in base .env file * GREETING="a secret to everybody" * ``` * * @default {"./.env.defaults"} */ defaultsPath?: string | null;}
/** Works identically to {@linkcode load}, but synchronously. */export function loadSync( { envPath = ".env", examplePath = ".env.example", defaultsPath = ".env.defaults", export: _export = false, allowEmptyValues = false, }: LoadOptions = {},): Record<string, string> { const conf = envPath ? parseFileSync(envPath) : {};
if (defaultsPath) { const confDefaults = parseFileSync(defaultsPath); for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(confDefaults)) { if (!(key in conf)) { conf[key] = value; } } }
if (examplePath) { const confExample = parseFileSync(examplePath); assertSafe(conf, confExample, allowEmptyValues); }
if (_export) { for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(conf)) { if (Deno.env.get(key) !== undefined) continue; Deno.env.set(key, value); } }
return conf;}
/** * Load environment variables from a `.env` file. Loaded variables are accessible * in a configuration object returned by the `load()` function, as well as optionally * exporting them to the process environment using the `export` option. * * Inspired by the node modules {@linkcode https://github.com/motdotla/dotenv | dotenv} * and {@linkcode https://github.com/motdotla/dotenv-expand | dotenv-expand}. * * ## Basic usage * ```sh * # .env * GREETING=hello world * ``` * * Then import the environment variables using the `load` function. * * ```ts * // app.ts * import { load } from "https://deno.land/std@$STD_VERSION/dotenv/mod.ts"; * * console.log(await load({export: true})); // { GREETING: "hello world" } * console.log(Deno.env.get("GREETING")); // hello world * ``` * * Run this with `deno run --allow-read --allow-env app.ts`. * * .env files support blank lines, comments, multi-line values and more. * See Parsing Rules below for more detail. * * ## Auto loading * Import the `load.ts` module to auto-import from the `.env` file and into * the process environment. * * ```ts * // app.ts * import "https://deno.land/std@$STD_VERSION/dotenv/load.ts"; * * console.log(Deno.env.get("GREETING")); // hello world * ``` * * Run this with `deno run --allow-read --allow-env app.ts`. * * ## Files * Dotenv supports a number of different files, all of which are optional. * File names and paths are configurable. * * |File|Purpose| * |----|-------| * |.env|primary file for storing key-value environment entries * |.env.example|this file does not set any values, but specifies env variables which must be present in the configuration object or process environment after loading dotenv * |.env.defaults|specify default values for env variables to be used when there is no entry in the `.env` file * * ### Example file * * The purpose of the example file is to provide a list of environment * variables which must be set or already present in the process environment * or an exception will be thrown. These * variables may be set externally or loaded via the `.env` or * `.env.defaults` files. A description may also be provided to help * understand the purpose of the env variable. The values in this file * are for documentation only and are not set in the environment. Example: * * ```sh * # .env.example * * # With optional description (this is not set in the environment) * DATA_KEY=API key for the api.data.com service. * * # Without description * DATA_URL= * ``` * * When the above file is present, after dotenv is loaded, if either * DATA_KEY or DATA_URL is not present in the environment an exception * is thrown. * * ### Defaults * * This file is used to provide a list of default environment variables * which will be used if there is no overriding variable in the `.env` * file. * * ```sh * # .env.defaults * KEY_1=DEFAULT_VALUE * KEY_2=ANOTHER_DEFAULT_VALUE * ``` * ```sh * # .env * KEY_1=ABCD * ``` * The environment variables set after dotenv loads are: * ```sh * KEY_1=ABCD * KEY_2=ANOTHER_DEFAULT_VALUE * ``` * * ## Configuration * * Loading environment files comes with a number of options passed into * the `load()` function, all of which are optional. * * |Option|Default|Description * |------|-------|----------- * |envPath|./.env|Path and filename of the `.env` file. Use null to prevent the .env file from being loaded. * |defaultsPath|./.env.defaults|Path and filename of the `.env.defaults` file. Use null to prevent the .env.defaults file from being loaded. * |examplePath|./.env.example|Path and filename of the `.env.example` file. Use null to prevent the .env.example file from being loaded. * |export|false|When true, this will export all environment variables in the `.env` and `.env.default` files to the process environment (e.g. for use by `Deno.env.get()`) but only if they are not already set. If a variable is already in the process, the `.env` value is ignored. * |allowEmptyValues|false|Allows empty values for specified env variables (throws otherwise) * * ### Example configuration * ```ts * import { load } from "https://deno.land/std@$STD_VERSION/dotenv/mod.ts"; * * const conf = await load({ * envPath: "./.env_prod", * examplePath: "./.env_required", * export: true, * allowEmptyValues: true, * }); * ``` * * ## Permissions * * At a minimum, loading the `.env` related files requires the `--allow-read` permission. Additionally, if * you access the process environment, either through exporting your configuration or expanding variables * in your `.env` file, you will need the `--allow-env` permission. E.g. * * ```sh * deno run --allow-read=.env,.env.defaults,.env.example --allow-env=ENV1,ENV2 app.ts * ``` * * ## Parsing Rules * * The parsing engine currently supports the following rules: * * - Variables that already exist in the environment are not overridden with * `export: true` * - `BASIC=basic` becomes `{ BASIC: "basic" }` * - empty lines are skipped * - lines beginning with `#` are treated as comments * - empty values become empty strings (`EMPTY=` becomes `{ EMPTY: "" }`) * - single and double quoted values are escaped (`SINGLE_QUOTE='quoted'` becomes * `{ SINGLE_QUOTE: "quoted" }`) * - new lines are expanded in double quoted values (`MULTILINE="new\nline"` * becomes * * ``` * { MULTILINE: "new\nline" } * ``` * * - inner quotes are maintained (think JSON) (`JSON={"foo": "bar"}` becomes * `{ JSON: "{\"foo\": \"bar\"}" }`) * - whitespace is removed from both ends of unquoted values (see more on * {@linkcode https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/Trim | trim}) * (`FOO= some value` becomes `{ FOO: "some value" }`) * - whitespace is preserved on both ends of quoted values (`FOO=" some value "` * becomes `{ FOO: " some value " }`) * - dollar sign with an environment key in or without curly braces in unquoted * values will expand the environment key (`KEY=$KEY` or `KEY=${KEY}` becomes * `{ KEY: "<KEY_VALUE_FROM_ENV>" }`) * - escaped dollar sign with an environment key in unquoted values will escape the * environment key rather than expand (`KEY=\$KEY` becomes `{ KEY: "\\$KEY" }`) * - colon and a minus sign with a default value(which can also be another expand * value) in expanding construction in unquoted values will first attempt to * expand the environment key. If it’s not found, then it will return the default * value (`KEY=${KEY:-default}` If KEY exists it becomes * `{ KEY: "<KEY_VALUE_FROM_ENV>" }` If not, then it becomes * `{ KEY: "default" }`. Also there is possible to do this case * `KEY=${NO_SUCH_KEY:-${EXISTING_KEY:-default}}` which becomes * `{ KEY: "<EXISTING_KEY_VALUE_FROM_ENV>" }`) */export async function load( { envPath = ".env", examplePath = ".env.example", defaultsPath = ".env.defaults", export: _export = false, allowEmptyValues = false, }: LoadOptions = {},): Promise<Record<string, string>> { const conf = envPath ? await parseFile(envPath) : {};
if (defaultsPath) { const confDefaults = await parseFile(defaultsPath); for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(confDefaults)) { if (!(key in conf)) { conf[key] = value; } } }
if (examplePath) { const confExample = await parseFile(examplePath); assertSafe(conf, confExample, allowEmptyValues); }
if (_export) { for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(conf)) { if (Deno.env.get(key) !== undefined) continue; Deno.env.set(key, value); } }
return conf;}
function parseFileSync( filepath: string,): Record<string, string> { try { return parse(Deno.readTextFileSync(filepath)); } catch (e) { if (e instanceof Deno.errors.NotFound) return {}; throw e; }}
async function parseFile( filepath: string,): Promise<Record<string, string>> { try { return parse(await Deno.readTextFile(filepath)); } catch (e) { if (e instanceof Deno.errors.NotFound) return {}; throw e; }}
function assertSafe( conf: Record<string, string>, confExample: Record<string, string>, allowEmptyValues: boolean,) { const missingEnvVars: string[] = [];
for (const key in confExample) { if (key in conf) { if (!allowEmptyValues && conf[key] === "") { missingEnvVars.push(key); } } else if (Deno.env.get(key) !== undefined) { if (!allowEmptyValues && Deno.env.get(key) === "") { missingEnvVars.push(key); } } else { missingEnvVars.push(key); } }
if (missingEnvVars.length > 0) { const errorMessages = [ `The following variables were defined in the example file but are not present in the environment:\n ${ missingEnvVars.join( ", ", ) }`, `Make sure to add them to your env file.`, !allowEmptyValues && `If you expect any of these variables to be empty, you can set the allowEmptyValues option to true.`, ];
throw new MissingEnvVarsError( errorMessages.filter(Boolean).join("\n\n"), missingEnvVars, ); }}
/** * Error thrown in {@linkcode load} and {@linkcode loadSync} when required * environment variables are missing. */export class MissingEnvVarsError extends Error { /** The keys of the missing environment variables. */ missing: string[]; /** Constructs a new instance. */ constructor(message: string, missing: string[]) { super(message); this.name = "MissingEnvVarsError"; this.missing = missing; Object.setPrototypeOf(this, new.target.prototype); }}
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